Information Visualization
1 Blog.
Interested in
visualization as a tool for generating and analyzing information, prior
to it becoming a final representation.
Certain relations and
structures remain unknown until drawn.
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Simple
Listing is also a technique:
Christoph Scheiner’s records of
sunspots, organized on a single page. This technique, which involves
comparing multiple graphs while keeping the reference axes fixed, is
effective for analyzing changes. Fixing the axes serves the same purpose
as placing objects on a level surface to compare their heights
accurately.
2 Visualization through Modeling:
Erik
Holmberg’s galaxy model using light bulbs and photocells. This
experiment simulated galaxy collisions by substituting the change in
light intensity between two approaching models for gravitational force.
The data recorded from this experiment was later found to be
fundamentally consistent with results obtained from digital computer
simulations.
3 Dialogue on Modeling:
A physicist must always
guard against taking a visual model as more than a pedagogical device or
makeshift help. At the same time, he must also be alert to the
possibility that a visual model can, and sometimes does, turn out to be
literally accurate. (…) I recall talking to a chemist who objected at
the time to such diagrams.
“But are they not a great help?” I
asked.
“Yes”, he said, “but we must warn our students not to
think of these diagrams as representing actual spatial configurations.
We really do not know anything at all about spatial structure on the
molecular level. These diagrams are no more than diagrams, like a curve
on a graph to illustrate an increase in population or pig-iron
production. We all know that such a curve is only a metaphor. The
population or the pig-iron is not rising in any spatial sense. Molecular
pictures must be thought of in the same way. No one knows what sort of
actual spatial structure molecules have.”
I agreed with
chemist, but I argued that there was the passiblity, at least, that
molecules might be linked together in just the way the diagrams
indicated, especially in view of the fact that stereoisomers had been
discovered, which made it convenient to think of one molecule as a
mirror image of another. (…)
“It is true”, he replied, “that
this is suggested. But we do not know for sure that this is the case.”
— Rudolf Carnap, “An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science”,
(Edited by Martin Gardner, Dover Publications, 1995).
Watching documentaries that deal with subjects beyond the human
scope of time and space, it often feels as though the represented
information exceeds what can actually be known.
Perhaps no
content could have been produced if everything had been framed only in
if-clauses.
Graphs generated by distance:
Aerial
photographs of center-pivot irrigation in the desert. Even in arid
regions, fossil water—rain from tens of thousands of years ago—is pumped
up for agriculture. The farmland takes a circular shape because the
water is supplied through rotation. Seen from above, it resembles a pie
chart, with colors distinguishing the status of each field, the type of
crop, and the stage of cultivation.
4 Spatial Information Visualization:
In the
Marshall Islands, an archipelago of numerous small islands, seafaring
navigation relies on traditional wave charts. These charts are based on
the principle that wave patterns possess inherent regularity; wave
height is influenced by water depth, and swells reflect or refract off
landmasses much like sound waves. Consequently, specific underwater and
coastal topographies generate distinct wave signatures. While the
precise interpretation of these charts is a specialized knowledge
reserved for trained locals, the system demonstrates how wave dynamics
can be visualized as reliable navigational data.
5
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Even this is a case of information
visualization:
Tracing a circle in the air while explaining that the
situation is repeating. Two options exist. Grabbing each one in turn, as
if the air in front has solidified into two masses.
Anyway, anything is worth a visualization.
1 The word 'information' already contains the concept of
'giving shape' (-formation). While "data visualization" often sounds
like a technical term, I use "Information Visualization" to emphasize
this transformative process twice—a deliberate redundancy, much like the
phrase 'past history.'
2 James R. Akerman and Robert
W. Karrow Jr., eds., "Maps: Finding Our Place in the World" (University
of Chicago Press, 2007).
3
Erik
Holmberg, "On the Clustering Tendency among the Nebulae," The
Astrophysical Journal 94 (1941)
4
NASA
Earth Observatory, "Center Pivot Irrigation in Saudi Arabia"
5 Marcia Ascher, "Mathematics Elsewhere: An
Exploration of Ideas Across Cultures" (Princeton University Press,
2002).
English Translation: Gemini
Contact
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